Zero-emissions vehicle

A zero-emissions vehicle, or ZEV is a vehicle itself that produces no emissions or pollution from the vehicle when stationary or operating.Emissions of concern include particulates (soot), hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and various oxides of nitrogen. Although not considered an emission by the CARB definition, carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gas implicated in global warming scenarios. Zero-emissions Vehicle (ZEV)


 * No tailpipe emissions
 * No evaporative emissions
 * No onboard emission-control systems that can deteriorate over time
 * No emissions from gasoline refining or sales

At the moment, a number of vehicles fulfill in these requirements. Notable are battery-powered electric vehicles, vehicles operating on fuel cells, compressed air vehicles and a number of vehicles operating on other energy sources (see below).